Disclaimer

General information only

Everything on this website - jurisdiction comparisons, setup timelines, ownership and tax summaries, cost categories, structure descriptions, guides and frequently asked questions - is general information published to help you orient yourself. It is not advice, it is not tailored to you, and it must not be relied on as the basis for any decision.

Not legal, tax, accounting or investment advice

We are not a law firm, not a licensed tax advisory practice, and not an investment adviser. Nothing published here constitutes legal, tax, accounting, financial or investment advice, and no lawyer-client or advisory relationship arises from reading it or from contacting us.

Before acting, obtain advice specific to your circumstances from appropriately licensed professionals in each jurisdiction that applies to you - including the one where you are personally tax resident.

Your outcome is not the headline

Jurisdictions are described by their general position, not by your position. A headline rate such as "0% corporate tax" describes what a jurisdiction publishes; it does not tell you what you will pay.

Your actual outcome depends on your activity, who your customers are, where the company is genuinely managed and controlled, where its people are, your own tax residency, and the rules of every jurisdiction with a claim on you - including controlled-foreign-company, economic substance and permanent establishment rules. A structure that is efficient for one person can be actively harmful for another.

No guaranteed outcomes

We make no representation or warranty that any particular tax treatment, banking result, licensing decision, approval or timeline will be achieved.

• Banking. Account opening decisions are made by financial institutions on their own criteria. We prepare applications and make introductions. We cannot guarantee any account will be opened, or that an opened account will remain open.
• Licensing and approvals. Registries, free zone authorities and licensing bodies decide. We prepare and submit; we do not control the outcome.
• Timelines. Any timeline shown is typical, not promised. Registry processing, compliance review, third-party delays and how quickly documents reach us all affect it.

Crypto and digital assets

Where we describe structures or accounting treatment for digital assets, that description is general and the area is unusually fast-moving: regulation, accounting standards and exchange and banking practice all change frequently, sometimes retrospectively.

We provide accounting and administration. We do not provide custody of digital assets, we do not hold private keys or wallet credentials, we do not advise on the merits or value of any token or digital asset, and nothing here is an inducement to acquire one. Valuation and recognition policy is agreed with your auditor; it is not set by us alone.

Examples, figures and testimonials

Illustrative examples, sample structures, scenarios and any client comments shown are for illustration. They are not a prediction, a benchmark, or a representation that a similar result will be achieved. Where testimonials are anonymised or illustrative, they are labelled as such on the page.

Currency of information

Law, fees, filing requirements and regulatory practice change frequently across all six jurisdictions we work in. Content here reflects our understanding at the time of writing. We are under no obligation to update it, and you should not assume any page has been reviewed recently.

Third-party links

Links to third-party websites are provided for convenience. We do not control and are not responsible for their content, accuracy, security or privacy practices, and a link does not imply endorsement.

Compliance

We conduct customer due diligence on every engagement, including verification of identity, beneficial ownership and source of funds, and we screen against sanctions and politically-exposed-person lists. We do not assist with arrangements designed to conceal beneficial ownership, evade tax, mislead a regulator or financial institution, or circumvent sanctions, and we decline engagements that appear intended for those purposes.

Liability

To the fullest extent permitted by law, we exclude liability for any loss arising from reliance on anything published on this website. Our liability in respect of engagements is governed by our Terms of Use and by your engagement letter. Last updated August 2026.